Conquest Of Constantinople MP3

Conquest Of Constantinople MP3


Fall of Constantinople
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other sieges of the city, see List of sieges of Constantinople.
Conquest of Constantinople
Part of the Byzantine–Ottoman Wars and Ottoman wars in Europe
Constantinople 1453.jpg
The last siege of Constantinople, contemporary 15th century French miniature
Date 6 April – 29 May 1453 (53 days)
Location Constantinople (present-day Istanbul)
Result

Decisive Ottoman victory[2][page needed]
Fall of the Byzantine Empire
Belligerents

Byzantine Empire[a]
Republic of Genoa
Republic of Venice[b]
Kingdom of Sicily[c]
Papal States
Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Ottoman defectors[1]



Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Ottoman Empire

Commanders and leaders

Byzantine Empire Constantine XI †
Byzantine Empire Loukas Notaras Executed
Byzantine Empire Theophilos Palaiologos †
Republic of Genoa Giovanni Giustiniani Longo (WIA)[d]
Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Orhan Çelebi Executed[4]:418-420



Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Mehmed II
Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Zagan Pasha
Fictitious Ottoman flag 1.svg Suleiman Baltoghlu

Strength

Byzantines Land forces:

7,000–10,000[5]:85[6]:755[7]:343[6]:755[8]:46[9][page needed]-12,000,[10] many of whom were civilians
600 Ottoman defectors[11]

Naval forces:

26 ships[12]:45[e]



Ottomans

Land forces: [f] 50,000–80,000[14]:101[15]:49[16]:52[17]:618[12][page needed][18][page needed]


[g]100,000[6]:755–160,000[19][page needed][20][page needed]–200,000[3][page needed]

70 cannons[21]:139–14014 large and 56 small caliber)[22]:179

Naval forces:

70 ships, [12]:4420 galleys[23]
90 – 126 ships [10]

Casualties and losses

4,000 killed in total (including combatants and civilians)[12]:37-8
30,000 enslaved or deported[24]

Unknown but heavy[24][4][page needed]

More specifically, the Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty
The Kingdom of Sicily mainly donated ships and a few soldiers, it was not official however, and was done by several Cardinals.
The Venetians decided to make a peace treaty with the Ottomans in September 1451, because their Doge was on good terms already with the Ottomans and they did not want to ruin a relationship. They also did not want the Ottomans to interfere with their trade in the Black Sea and Mediterranean. The Venetians' efforts mainly included giving Constantine XI ships and a total of 800 soldiers in February 1453. The Venetians also promised that a larger fleet would arrive to save Constantine, this fleet would be full of ammunition, fresh soldiers and supplies. This fleet arrived too late.
The Genoese captain Giovanni Giustiniani Longo was wounded in battle, but managed to escape, he died during the early days of June 1453.[3][page needed]
By nationality, there were 5,000 Greeks and 2,000 foreigners, mostly of Genoese and Venetian origin.[13]
Figures according to recent estimates and Ottoman archival data. The Ottoman Empire, for demographic reasons, would not have been able to put more than 80,000 men into the field at the time.[5]:215

Figures according to contemporaneous Western/Christian estimates[5]:215

[show]

v t e

Byzantine–Ottoman
wars

The Fall of Constantinople (Greek: Ἃλωσις τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, Halōsis tēs Kōnstantinoupoleōs; Turkish: İstanbul'un Fethi Conquest of Istanbul) was the capture of the capital of the Byzantine Empire by an invading army of the Ottoman Empire on 29 May 1453. The Ottomans were commanded by the then 21-year-old Mehmed the Conqueror, the seventh sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who defeated an army commanded by Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos. The conquest of Constantinople followed a 53-day siege that had begun on 6 April 1453.

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