Cappuccino Puzzle

A cappuccino (/ˌkæpəˈtʃiːnoʊ/; Italian pronunciation: [kapputˈtʃiːno]) is an Italian coffee drink which is traditionally prepared with espresso, hot milk, and steamed-milk foam. The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits.[1]

The Viennese bestowed the name Kapuziner in the 19th century, although their version included whipped cream, which the Italians found rather heavy.

Cappuccino is a coffee drink composed of espresso and hot milk, with the surface topped with foamed milk.[2] Cappuccinos are most often prepared on an espresso machine. The espresso is extracted into the bottom third of the cup, followed by a similar amount of hot milk, which is prepared by heating and texturing the milk using the espresso machine steam wand. The top third of the drink consists of milk foam; this foam can be decorated with artistic drawings made with the same milk, called latte art. In a traditional cappuccino, as served in Europe and artisan coffee houses in the United States, the total of espresso and milk/foam make up between approximately 150–180 ml (5–6 imp fl oz; 5–6 US fl oz). Commercial coffee chains in the US more often serve the cappuccino as a 360 ml (13 imp fl oz; 12 US fl oz) drink or larger.[3]

Cappuccino differs from caffè latte foremost in size: Cappuccino is traditionally small (max 180 ml), while 'latte' traditionally is large (200 ml-300 ml). Cappuccino traditionally has a layer of textured milk micro foam exceeding 1 cm in thickness; Caffè Latte is often served in a large glass; cappuccino mostly in a cup with a handle.

The World Barista Championships have been arranged annually since 2000, and during the course of the competition, the competing barista must produce -for four sensory judges- among other drinks four cappuccinos, defined in WBC Rules and Regulations as [...] ...a coffee and milk beverage that should produce a harmonious balance of rich, sweet milk and espresso [...] The cappuccino is prepared with one (1) single shot of espresso, textured milk and foam. A minimum of 1 centimeter of foam depth [...] A cappuccino is a beverage between 150 ml and 180 ml in total volume